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プロダクト・バイ・プロセス・クレームに関する当面の審査・審判の取扱い等について
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Interim Handling Procedures for
Examinations and Appeals/Trials involving Product-by-process Claims
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平成27年7月6日
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July 6, 2015
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特許庁
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Japan Patent Office
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平成27年6月5日に、プロダクト・バイ・プロセス・クレーム（物の発明に係る請求項にその物の製造方法が記載されている場合）に関する最高裁判決（平成24年（受）第1204号、同2658号）がありました。
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On June 5, 2015, the Supreme Court entered judgments on
two cases (Nos. 2012(ju)1204 and 2012(ju)2658) involving product-by-process
claims, i.e., claims concerning inventions of products reciting
manufacturing processes of the products.
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これを受けて、プロダクト・バイ・プロセス・クレームについては、本件最高裁判決を受けた取扱いの検討を行うため、審査・審判において本件最高裁判決の判示内容に関する判断を行わないこととしてきましたが本日より、以下のとおり判断を行いますので、お知らせします。
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The JPO refrained from making its own judgment on the
opinion of these decisions by the Supreme Court, while it was still in the
process of reviewing how to handle this issue for examinations and
appeals/trials. At this time, the JPO would like to inform you that as of
today, it has made a decision on how to handle product-by-process claims for
the time-being for examinations and appeals/trials. Accordingly, the interim
handling procedures are described below.
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今回の取扱いは、審査においては、今後の特許出願に限らず、既に出願されたものも対象とします。同様に、今後請求される審判事件、特許異議申立事件、判定事件（以下、「審判事件等」という。）に限らず、現在係属中の審判事件等も対象とします。
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The interim handling procedures apply to examinations on
patent applications which either have already been filed or which will be
filed at a future date. In the same manner, the interim procedures apply to
currently pending cases or cases which will be requested and pending at a
future date. (Pending cases refer to appeals/trials, oppositions, cases for
advisory opinion on the technical scope of a patented invention, etc.; and
hereinafter are referred to as "Appeals/trials, etc.")
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したがって、既に成立している特許に対する審判事件等も対象とします。
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Therefore, Appeals/trials, etc. in which patents have already
been granted are subject to these interim handling procedures.
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1 当面の審査の取扱いについて
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1. Interim Handling of
Examinations
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本件最高裁判決の判示内容を踏まえた当面の審査の概要は以下のとおりです。
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Based on the opinion of the judgments by the Supreme
Court on the above-mentioned cases, an outline of the interim handling of
examinations is provided below:
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○ 物の発明に係る請求項にその物の製造方法が記載されている場合は、審査官が「不可能・非実際的事情」があると判断できるときを除き、当該物の発明は不明確であると判断し、拒絶理由を通知します。
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○ When a claim concerning an invention of a
product recites a manufacturing process of the product, the examiner will
notify any reasons for refusal whenever the invention of that product is not
clear. However, this will not be the case when the examiner can find that the
invention involves "impossible or impractical circumstances".
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※「不可能・非実際的事情」とは、出願時において当該物をその構造又は特性により直接特定することが不可能であるか、又はおよそ実際的でないという事情をいいます。
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● The term "impossible or impractical circumstances"
means any circumstances in which it is impossible or utterly impractical to
define the product based on its structure or characteristics at the time the
subject application for such product was filed.
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※後に無効理由を含む特許となったり、第三者の利益が不当に害されたりすることがないよう、拒絶理由を通知することで、出願人に、「不可能・非実際的事情」が存在することの主張・立証の機会や、反論・補正の機会を与えることとします。
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● The reasons for refusal will be notified to give the applicant
an opportunity to assert and prove the existence of "impossible or
impractical circumstances", and also an opportunity to make an argument
and/or an amendment thereof. These opportunities are given in order to avoid
situations in which an already granted patent could include grounds for
invalidation, or in which interests of third parties could be unfairly
harmed.
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○ 出願人は、当該拒絶理由を解消するために、反論以外に、以下の対応をとることができます。
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○ The applicant can file other responses as
arguments against a notice of reasons for refusal in order to resolve such
reasons, including:
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ア．該当する請求項の削除
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(i) deleting any claim concerned,
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イ．該当する請求項に係る発明を、物を生産する方法の発明とする補正
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(ii) amending any claim
concerned into a claim concerning an invention of a process for producing a
product,
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ウ．該当する請求項に係る発明を、製造方法を含まない物の発明とする補正
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(iii) amending any claim
concerned into a claim concerning an invention of a product which does not
include a manufacturing process, and/or
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エ．「不可能・非実際的事情」についての意見書等による主張・立証
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(iv) asserting and proving the
existence of "impossible or impractical circumstances" based on a
written argument.
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○ 出願人の「不可能・非実際的事情」についての主張・立証の内容に、合理的な疑問がない限り（通常、拒絶理由通知時又は拒絶査定時に、審査官が具体的な疑義を示せない限り）、審査官は、「不可能・非実際的事情」が存在するものと判断します。
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○ When the applicant asserts and proves the existence of
"impossible or impractical circumstances", the examiner will,
normally, conclude that "impossible or impractical circumstances"
do exist. However, this will not be the case when the examiner has doubts,
based on a tangible reason, about the existence of "impossible or
impractical circumstances".
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2 当面の審判の取扱いについて
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2. Interim Handling of
Appeals and Trials
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• ○
プロダクト・バイ・プロセス・クレームが関連する審判事件等においても、最高裁判決の判示内容に沿って、「プロダクト・バイ・プロセス・クレームに関する当面の審査の取扱いについて」を参酌しつつ、審理を行います。
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○ Appeals/trials, etc. involving
product-by-process claims will be examined based on the opinion of the
judgments by the Supreme Court, in the same manner as "1. Interim
Handling of Examinations".
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○ 拒絶査定不服審判において、物の発明に係る請求項にその物の製造方法が記載されている場合は、「不可能・非実際的事情」があると合議体が審判請求人に聞くまでもなく判断できるときを除き、拒絶理由を通知します。審判請求人は「１．当面の審査の取扱いについて」と同様に、補正や、意見書等における「不可能・非実際的事情」の主張・立証等の対応をとることができます。
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○ Regarding appeals against any examiner's
decision of refusal, when a claim concerning an invention of a product recites
a manufacturing process of the product, the appeal examiners will notify the
reasons for refusal whenever the invention of a product is not clear.
However, this will not be the case when the appeals panel can clearly find,
even without inquiring to the subject demandant of an appeal, that
"impossible or impractical circumstances" do exist.
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3 審査基準・審査ハンドブックの改訂について
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3. Revisions to the
Examination Guidelines and Examination Handbook
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現在、産業構造審議会 知的財産分科会
特許制度小委員会 審査基準専門委員会ＷＧの議論を踏まえた審査基準・審査ハンドブックの全面改訂を進めています。本件に関する審査基準・審査ハンドブックの改訂についても、審査基準・審査ハンドブックの全面改訂の中で行います。
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The JPO currently is in the process of revising its
Examination Guidelines and Examination Handbook, based on discussions being
held by the Working Group on the Patent Examination Standards supervised by
the Patent System Subcommittee under the Intellectual Property Committee of
the Industrial Structure Council. Accordingly, the issue of
product-by-process claims will also be included in the revised Examination
Guidelines and Examination Handbook, when they are released.
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平成27年10月上旬目途に、全面改訂された審査基準・審査ハンドブックに基づく運用を開始する予定です。当該運用開始後は、当該全面改訂された審査基準・審査ハンドブックに基づいて判断します。
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The revised Examination Guidelines and Examination
Handbook are scheduled to be released around the beginning of October 2015.
After that time, the issue of product-by-process claims will be determined
based on the final provisions stipulated in the revised Examination
Guidelines and Examination Handbook.
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［更新日 2015年7月6日］
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[Last updated 7 July 2015]
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判定
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ADVISORY OPINION
on the Technical Scope of a Patent Invention
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判定２０１４－６０００４５
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Advisory Opinion
on the Technical Scope of a Patent Invention
No. 2014-600045
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愛媛県四国中央市金生町下分１８２番地
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182 Shimobun,
Kinsei-cho, Shikokuchuo-shi, Ehime
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請求人ユニ・チャーム 株式会社
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Demandant:
Unicharm Corporation
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東京都港区愛宕二丁目５番１号 愛宕グリーンヒルズＭＯＲＩタワー２１階 フェリシテ特許業務法人
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Felicite
Tokkyo-Gyomu-Hojin (Patent Professional Corporation),
21st floor, Atago
Green Hills MORI Tower, 5-1, Atago 2-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo
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代理人弁理士伊藤 市太郎
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Representative
patent attorney: Ichitaro Ito
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東京都港区愛宕二丁目５番１号 愛宕グリーンヒルズＭＯＲＩタワー２１階
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21st floor, Atago Green Hills MORI Tower, 5-1, Atago
2-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo
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代理人弁理士高岡 正之
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Representative
patent attorney: Masayuki Takaoka
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特許第５１３５３７９号の判定請求事件について、次のとおり判定する。
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The advisory
opinion on the technical scope of a patent invention for Patent No. 5135379
is
stated and
concluded as follows:
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結論
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Conclusion
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イ号図面及びその説明書並びに検甲第１号証に示す「吸収性物品」は、特許第５１３５３７９号発明の技術的範囲に属する。
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The “absorbent
article” indicated in the Drawing A and explanatory document A
and the absorbent
material in the Demandant’s Exhibit No. 1 belongs within the same
technical scope
of the invention claimed in Patent No. 5135379.
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理由
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Reason
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第１．請求の趣旨
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First. Objective
for the request
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本件判定の請求の趣旨は、イ号図面及び説明書並びに検甲第１号証に示す「吸収性物品」（以下これを「イ号物件」という。）が、特許第５１３５３７９号の請求項１に係る発明の技術的範囲に属する、との判定を求めるものである。
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The request has been made to seek an advisory opinion
regarding the subject case and to determine whether the “absorbent article”
(hereinafter, referred to as “Article A”) indicated in the Drawing A and
explanatory document A and the absorbent material indicated in Demandant’s
Exhibit No. 1 belong within the same technical scope of the invention
described in Claim 1 of Patent No. 5135379.
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なお、本件判定請求は、被請求人が存在しないものであり、その理由として、請求人は、平成２６年１０月１５日付け上申書において、本件イ号物件は、外国において販売されたもので、詳細を調査できないため、被請求人となるべき相手方を特定することができなかった旨、主張している。
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It should be noted that in the request seeking for an
advisory opinion for this
case, no demandee exists. Due to the non-existence of
any demandee, the Demandant
claims that in the Petition dated October 15, 2014,
Article A in the subject case was
sold in a foreign country but that a detailed
investigation to verify this was difficult.
This resulted in it being impossible to specify, the
other party, that is, the demandee.
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第２．本件特許発明
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Second. Subject Patent Invention
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１．手続の経緯
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1. Particulars of procedures
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本件出願平成２２年４月７日
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Patent Application April 7, 2010
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拒絶理由通知平成２４年９月５日
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Notice of reasons for refusal September 5, 2012
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意見書・補正書平成２４年１０月２２日
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Written opinion and Amendment October 22, 2012
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特許査定平成２４年１１月２日
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Grant of Patent November 2, 2012
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設定登録平成２４年１１月１６日
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Registration of Patent November 16, 2012
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判定請求平成２６年９月１６日
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Request for Advisory Opinion September 16, 2014
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上申書平成２６年１０月１５日
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Petition October 15, 2014
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審理事項通知平成２６年１０月２１日
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Notice of matters to be examined October 21,
2014
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口頭審理陳述要領書平成２６年１０月２９日
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Oral proceedings statement brief October 29, 2014
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上申書平成２６年１１月７日
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Petition November 7, 2014
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口頭審理、証拠調べ平成２６年１１月７日
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Oral proceedings and Examination of evidence
November 7, 2014
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証拠については、「甲第１号証」を「甲１」のように略記する。
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The evidence will be abbreviated as “Demandant
No. 1” for “Demandant’s Evidence No. 1”.
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２．本件特許発明
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2. Subject Patent Invention
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本件特許第５１３５３７９号（甲２、甲４）の特許請求の範囲の請求項１に記載された発明（以下「本件特許発明１」という。）は、特許請求の範囲、特許明細書及び図面の記載からみて、その特許請求の範囲の請求項１に記載された事項により特定されるとおりである。
本件特許発明１の構成要件を分説すると以下のとおりである（以下「構成
要件Ａ」などという。）。
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The invention described in Claim 1 in Patent
No. 5135379 will be judged against Demandant No. 2 and Demandant No. 4
(hereinafter, referred to as “Patent invention 1”) specified below, as viewed
from the claims, the patent specification, and the description of the
drawings based on the matters described in Claim 1 of the Patent No. 5135379..
The constituent components in Patent invention
1 will be separately described as
follows (hereinafter, referred to as “constituent
component A”, for example):
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なお、この分説は請求人の判定請求書によるものであるが、妥当と認められるので、そのとおりとした。
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It should be noted that the following will be
separately described, as it originally was indicated in the request for
advisory opinion by the demandant, and this appears to be appropriate, and
thus, presented here as is.
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「【請求項１】
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“[Claim 1]
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Ａ．同じ色のシャーシ及び吸収体本体を有する吸収性物品であって、
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A. An absorbent article comprising: a chassis;
and an absorber having a same color as the chassis, wherein:
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Ｂ．前記シャーシは、前胴回り領域と、後胴回り領域と、該前胴回り領域と該後胴回り領域との間に介在する股下領域とを有し、
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B. the chassis has a front waistline region, a
rear waistline region, and a crotch region intervened between the front
waistline region and the rear waistline region;
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Ｃ．前記吸収体本体は、前記シャーシよりも前記吸収性物品の肌当接面側で、かつ、前記股下領域から前記前胴回り領域及び前記後胴回り領域に渡って設けられており、
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C. the absorber is provided closer to a skin
contact surface side of the absorbent article than the chassis, over the
crotch region to the front waistline region and the rear waistline region;
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Ｄ．前記前胴回り領域及び前記後胴回り領域において、前記吸収性物品の幅方向に沿って複数の胴回り弾性部材が設けられており、
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D. in the front waistline region and the rear
waistline region, a plurality of waistline elastic members is provided along
a widthwise direction of the absorbent article;
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Ｅ．前記股下領域内において、前記前胴回り領域において設けられている胴回り弾性部材と前記後胴回り領域において設けられている胴回り弾性部材とが接触しないように配置されており、
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E. in the crotch region, the waistline elastic
member provided in the front waistline region and the waistline elastic
member provided in the rear waistline region are arranged so as not to come
in contact with each other;
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Ｆ．前記前胴回り領域又は前記後胴回り領域において、前記吸収体本体が設けられている第１領域では、前記吸収性物品の肌非当接面側からのみ視認可能であり、該吸収体本体が設けられていない第２領域では、該吸収性物品の肌非当接面側及び肌当接面側の両方から視認可能である線状の識別部が設けられており、
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F. in the front waistline region or the rear
waistline region, an identifier of linear shape is provided so as to be
visually recognizable from only a non-skin contact surface side of the
absorbent article, in a first region which is provided with the absorber, and
to be visually recognizable from both the non-skin contact surface side and
the skin contact surface side of the absorbent article, in a second region
which is not provided with the absorber; and
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Ｇ．前記識別部は、前記第１領域及び前記第２領域に跨って配置されており、
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G. the identifier is arranged over the first
region and the second region;
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Ｈ．前記複数の胴回り弾性部材のうち、前記識別部を構成する胴回り弾性部材は、前記前胴回り領域に配置されている前脚回りギャザー用弾性部材と、前記後胴回り領域に配置されている後脚回りギャザー用弾性部材であり、
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H. out of the plurality of waistline elastic
members, the waistline elastic members which make up the identifier are
elastic members for front leg-hole gathers provided in the front waistline
region and elastic members for rear leg-hole gathers provided in the rear
waistline region;
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Ｉ．前記前脚回りギャザー用弾性部材は、直線状に配置されており、
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I. the elastic members for front leg-hole
gathers are disposed linearly; and
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Ｊ．前記後脚回りギャザー用弾性部材は、脚回り開口を形成する領域に沿って屈曲して配置されていることを特徴とする吸収性物品。」
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J. the elastic members for rear leg-hole gathers are
disposed while curving along a region forming a leg-hole opening.”
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第３．イ号物件
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Third. Article A
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１．イ号物件に関する資料
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1. Material relating to Article A
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請求人は、イ号物件を説明するものとして、「イ号図面並びに説明書」（甲１の１ないし１の３、甲３の１ないし３の４）を添付するとともに、イ号物件そのものである検甲第１号証を提出している。
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The demandant attached, as documents for
describing Article A, “the Drawing A and explanatory document A” (Demandants
1-1 to 1-3, and Demandants 3-1 to 3-4), and presented as Demandant’s Exhibit
No. 1, which is of itself Article A.
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イ号物件は、「イ号図面並びに説明書」及び検甲第１号証に示す「吸収性物品」である。
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Article A is the “absorbent article” indicated
in “the Drawing A and explanatory document A” and Demandant’s Exhibit No. 1.
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２．イ号図面並びに説明書
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2. Drawing A and explanatory document A
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イ号図面並びに説明書によれば、以下が看取できる。
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In accordance with the Drawing A and
explanatory document A, the following can be perceived.
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（１）甲１の１の右側、甲１の２の左側に、イ号物件が人体へ着用されることを想起させる図柄がある。
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(1) At the right side of Demandant No. 1-1 and
at the left side of Demandant No. 1-2, there is a design showing that Article
A is designed to be worn on a human body.
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（２）甲１の３によれば、イ号物件を人体のマネキンに着用させたところ、自然な着用状態である。
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(2) In accordance with Demandant No. 1-3, when
Article A is placed on a mannequin of a human body, it can be worn naturally.
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（３）甲１の３と、甲３の１から４とを併せ見ると、イ号物件は、Ｓ１０Ａ－１、Ｓ１０Ｂ－１で示される胴回り領域と、Ｓ２０－１で示される股下領域とがある。
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(3) When Demandant No. 1-3 and the Demandants
3-1 to 3-4 are considered altogether, Article A has a waistline region shown
by S10A-1 and S10B-1 and a crotch region shown by S20-1.
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（４）甲１の３、甲３の１から４によれば、イ号物件の胴回り領域のうち領域Ｘ－１を除く部分は灰色であり、股下領域と領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）は白色である。
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(4) In accordance with Demandant No. 1-3 and
Demandants 3-1 to 3-4, in Article A, the waistline region except for region
X-1 is gray, and the crotch region and regions X-1 (two locations) are white.
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（５）胴回り領域には、９０Ｆ－１、１００－１、９２－１、９１－１で示される輪状のものが着用状態の高さ方向に複数ある。
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(5) The waistline region has a plurality of ring-shaped
objects shown by 90F-1, 100-1, 92-1, and 91-1 in the height direction when
worn.
|
|
（６）複数ある輪状のものは、脚回りのもの１００－１、９２－１が、他のもの９０Ｆ－１、９１－１よりも、間隔が狭い。
|
(6) Of the plurality of ring-shaped objects,
the leg-hole objects 100-1 and 92-1 have a shorter interval than the other
objects labeled 90F-1 and 91-1.
|
|
（７）前側の脚回りのもの１００－１は直線状であり、後側の脚回りのもの９２－１は外形に沿って屈曲している。
|
(7) The front-side leg-hole object 100-1 is
linear, and the back-side leg-hole object 92-1 is curved along the outer
shape.
|
|
（８）脚回りの間隔が狭いもの１００－１、９２－１は、着用状態で股下に相当する股下領域Ｓ２０－１とそれに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）においては、一側からは看取できず（甲３の１、３の３）、他側からは看取でき（甲３の２、３の４）、それ以外の領域においては両側から看取できる（甲３の１ないし３の４）。
|
(8) The leg-hole objects 100-1 and 92-1 having a
shorter interval cannot be perceived from one side (Demandants 3-1, 3-3) and
can be perceived from the other side (Demandants 3-2, 3-3) in the crotch
region S20-1 that correspond to a crotch when worn and regions X-1 (two
locations) on both sides, in connection therewith. However, the objects can
be perceived from both sides in the region other than the above-described
regions (Demandants 3-1 to 3-4).
|
|
（９）胴回り領域において、輪状のもの以外の部分には、皺が形成されている。
|
(9) In the waistline region, wrinkles are
formed in a portion other than the ring-shaped objects.
|
|
（１０）股下領域Ｓ２０－１とそれに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）の部材２－１は、他の領域の部材と何かが異なる。
|
(10) The member 2-1 in the crotch region S20-1
and the regions X-1 (two locations) on both sides in connection with the
crotch region S20-1 have different features from the members in other
regions.
|
|
（１１）股下領域には、輪状のものは存在しない。
|
(11) In the crotch region, there is no
ring-shaped object.
|
|
３．検甲第１号証
|
3. Demandant’s Exhibit No. 1
|
|
検甲第１号証は、検証調書に示す以下のとおりである。本審決では、写真は省略した。
|
Demandant’s Exhibit No. 1 is shown in the
inspection record as follows: In the decision of the subject case, the photos
are omitted.
|
|
「（１）パッケージは甲第１号証の１、甲第１号証の２のとおり。
|
“(1) The package is as
set forth in the Demandant’s Exhibit No. 1-1 and the Demandant’s Exhibit No.
1-2.
|
|
パッケージにはイ号物件が畳まれた状態で２０個封入されている。
|
In the package, 20 items of Articles A are packaged in
a folded state.
|
|
（２）イ号一つを取り出し、畳まれた状態を開き、伸長させた状態の平面視での大きさは、長さ７０ｃｍ、中央幅１８．７ｃｍ、重さは５５ｇである。
|
(2) When one Article A is taken out, the
article is first in a folded state and then opened, and the size in a planar
view when the article is fully opened is 70 cm in length, 18.7 cm in central
width, and 55 g in weight.
|
|
（３）イ号を、胴回り７０．５ｃｍの人体下半身のマネキンに、一面を前にして着用させると、自然な形状であり、他面を前にして着用させると、不自然な形状である。
|
(3) When Article A is placed on the lower half
of a mannequin of a human body having a 70.5 cm waistline, with one side
facing forward, the resultant shape is natural.However, when it is worn while
the other side is facing forward, the resultant shape is unnatural.
|
|
自然な形状において、前外側に「Ｆ」、後外側に「Ｂ」との印を付す。
|
In the natural shape, a mark “F” is placed at
the front outer side, and a mark “B” is placed at the back outer side.
|
|
（４）イ号は、自然な着用状態で、布状部材により略円筒に形成され、その下部には股下部材が形成され、全体として人体の軸を中心に拡縮する。
|
(4) Article A is formed by a cloth-like member
in an approximate cylinder when naturally worn, and at the lower part
thereof, a crotch member is formed. As a whole, the article expands and
contracts around the axis of a human body.
|
|
（５）略円筒状の布状部材には、黒、赤、青のマジックによりその一部に印を付した輪状部材が、人体の高さ方向、すなわち胴部、脚部に複数形成されている。
|
(5) In the cloth-like member in an approximate
cylinder, a plurality of ring-shaped members of which some portions are
marked with felt-tip pens in black, red, and blue are formed in the vertical
direction of a human body, that is, in the waist portion and the leg portion.
|
|
輪状部材は伸縮性を有する。
|
The ring-shaped member has flexibility.
|
|
輪状部材の伸縮作用により、略円筒状の布状部材には、皺が形成される。
|
The flexibility e created by the ring-shaped member
forms wrinkles in the cloth-like member in an approximate cylinder.
|
|
（６）着用状態で、人体左右にあたる部分を人体の高さ方向に切断し、広げたところ、甲第３号証の１、甲第３号証の３及び甲第３号証の２、甲第３号証の４のとおりである。
|
(6) When the portion, which corresponds to the
right and left sides of a human body when worn, is cut in the vertical
direction of a human body, and then, developed, the result is as indicated in
Demandant’s Exhibit No. 3-1, the Demandant’s Exhibit No. 3-3, Demandant’s
Exhibit No. 3-2, and Demandant’s Exhibit No. 3-4.
|
|
（７）股下部材には、内部に、布状部材よりも硬い別な部材が設けられており、甲第３号証の１、甲第３号証の２のＸ－１（２箇所）、２－１の部分がこれにあたる。
|
(7) Inside the crotch member, a different
member harder than the cloth-like member is provided, and this corresponds to
portion 2-1 in X-1 (two locations) of Demandant’s Exhibit No. 3-1 and
Demandant’s Exhibit No. 3-2.
|
|
（８）着用状態で人体に接触する側の股下部材に、１５０ｃｃの塩化ナトリウムを主成分とする疑似尿を垂らしたところ、股下部材の内部に設けられた別な部材により、液体は吸収される。
|
(8) When a pseudo urine composed mainly of 150
cc of sodium chloride is dropped onto a crotch member at a side coming into
contact with the human body when worn, the liquid is absorbed by a different
member provided inside the crotch member.
|
|
（９）略円筒状の布状部材、股下部材からなるイ号の色は「白」であり、股下部材の内部に設けられた別な部材の色は「白」である。
|
(9) Article A made of the cloth-like member in
an approximate cylinder and the crotch member is “white” in color, and the
different member provided inside the crotch member is “white” in color.
|
|
（１０）着用状態で、脚回りに形成される輪状部材（甲第３号証の１、甲第３号証の２の９２－１、１００－１）の間隔は、胴回りに形成される輪状部材（９１－１、９０Ｆ－１）の間隔よりも狭くなっている。」
|
(10) The interval, when worn, between the
ring-shaped members (92-1 and 100-1 of Demandant’s Exhibit No. 3-1 and
Demandant’s Exhibit No. 3-2) formed in the leg-hole is shorter than that
between the ring-shaped members (91-1 and 90F-1) formed in the waistline.”
|
|
４．イ号物件の認定
|
4. Recognition of Article A
|
|
（１）イ号物件について
|
(1) Article A
|
|
「イ号図面並びに説明書」に示すものと、検甲第１号証とは、同一物件と認められる（検証調書の（１）、（６））。
|
The object indicated in “the Drawing A and
explanatory document A” and Demandant’s Exhibit No. 1 are recognized to be
the identical article (see (1) and (6) in the inspection record).
|
|
検証調書の（３）、（４）により、イ号物件は、人体の胴部に着用され、自然な着用状態において、肌当接面側、肌非当接面側、前後が特定される。
|
In accordance with (3) and (4) in the
inspection record, Article A is worn on the waist area of a human body, when
worn naturally; and in addition, the skin contact surface side, the skin
non-contact surface side, and both the front and back can be specified.
|
|
よって、甲３の１、３の３は肌当接面側を示し、右側が前、左側が後であり、甲３の２、３の４は肌非当接面側を示し、右側が前、左側が後である。
|
Therefore, Demandants 3-1 and 3-3 show the skin
contact surface side, where the right side is in the front and the left side
is in the back; and Demandants 3-2 and 3-4 show the skin non-contact surface
side, where the right side is in the front and the left side is in the back.
|
|
すなわち、甲３の１、３の２においては、Ｓ１０Ａ－１が前胴回り領域、Ｓ１０Ｂ－１が後胴回り領域ということができる。
|
That is, in Demandants 3-1 and 3-2, it is
possible to say that the S10A-1 is the front waistline region and the S10B-1
is the back waistline region.
|
|
検証調書の（５）によると、検証調書（５）でいう輪状部材は、甲３の１、３の２の９０Ｆ－１、１００－１、９２－１、９１－１で示される輪状のものに相当し、輪状部材（輪状のもの）は、伸縮性部材である。
|
In accordance with (5) in the inspection
record, the ring-shaped member in (5) in the inspection record corresponds to
a ring-shaped object shown in 90F-1, 100-1, 92-1, and 91-1 in Demandants 3-1
and 3-2. The ring-shaped member (ring-shaped object) is a flexible member.
|
|
検証調書の（７）、（８）によると、甲３の１、３の２の股下領域Ｓ２０－１とそれに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）には、内部に液体を吸収する別な部材２－１が設けられている。
|
In accordance with (7) and (8) in the
inspection record, in the crotch region S20-1 and regions X-1 (two locations)
on the both sides in connection therewith in Demandants 3-1 and 3-2, a
different member 2-1 is provided that absorbs liquid into itself.
|
|
「イ号図面並びに説明書」によれば、胴回り領域のうち領域Ｘ－１を除く部分は灰色であり、股下領域と領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）は白色である（上記２．（４））が、検証調書の（９）によると、いずれも白色である。
|
In accordance with “the Drawing A and
explanatory document A”, the waistline region except for region X-1 is gray,
and the crotch region and regions X-1 (two locations) are white (see above 2.
(4)); however, in accordance with (9) in the inspection record, both are
white.
|
|
「イ号図面並びに説明書」において灰色と見えた部分は、布状部材の厚さが薄いため、背景の黒色が透過したためである。
|
The reason for this is that in the portion that
appears to be gray in “the Drawing A and explanatory document A”, the thickness
of the cloth-like member is relatively thinner, and thus, the black color in
the background passes through the cloth-like member.
|
|
イ号物件を、本件特許発明１の構成要件Ａ．～Ｊ．に対応させて整理すると、イ号物件は、以下の構成を具備するものと認められる（以下「構成ア」などという。）。参考のため、甲３の１、３の２の符号を付した。
|
When Article A is orderly summarized to
correspond to the constituent components A. to J. ofPatent Invention 1,
Article A is recognized to include the following configurations (hereinafter,
referred to as “configuration a”, etc.). For reference, reference numerals in
Demandants 3-1 and 3-2 are added.
|
|
「ア．白色の布状部材、股下部材及び液体を吸収する別な部材２－１を有する物品であって、
|
“a. An article, comprising: a white cloth-like
member, a crotch member, and a different member 2-1 that absorbs liquid,
wherein
|
|
イ．前記布状部材、股下部材は、前胴回り領域Ｓ１０Ａ－１と、後胴回り領域Ｓ１０Ｂ－１と、該前胴回り領域と該後胴回り領域との間に介在する股下領域Ｓ２０－１とを有し、
|
i. the cloth-like member and the crotch member
include a front waistline region S10A-1, a back waistline region S10B-1, and
a crotch region S20-1 located between the front waistline region and the back
waistline region;
|
|
ウ．前記別な部材２－１は、前記布状部材、股下部材よりも肌当接面側で、かつ、前記股下領域Ｓ２０－１とそれに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）に設けられており、
|
u. the different member 2-1 is provided closer
to a skin contact surface side than the cloth-like member and the crotch
member, and provided in the crotch region S20-1 and in regions X-1 (two
locations) on the both sides in connection therewith;
|
|
エ．前記前胴回り領域Ｓ１０Ａ－１及び前記後胴回り領域Ｓ１０Ｂ－１において、着用状態の高さ方向に複数の輪状の伸縮性部材９０Ｆ－１、１００－１、９２－１、９１－１が設けられており、
|
e. in the front waistline region S10A-1 and the
back waistline region S10B-1, a plurality of ring-shaped flexible members
90F-1, 100-1, 92-1, and 91-1 are provided in the verticle direction when
worn;
|
|
オ．前記股下領域Ｓ２０－１には、輪状の伸縮性部材は存在せず、
|
o. in the crotch region S20-1, the ring-shaped
flexible member does not exist;
|
|
カ．間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材１００－１、９２－１は、着用状態で股下領域Ｓ２０－１とそれに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）においては、当接面側からは看取できず、非当接面側からは看取でき、それ以外の領域Ｙ－１においては両側から看取でき、
|
ka. when worn, the ring-shaped flexible members
100-1 and 92-1 having a short interval therebetween cannot be perceived from
a contact surface side and can be perceived from a non-contact surface side,
in the crotch region S20-1 and regions X-1 (two locations) on the both sides
in connection with the crotch region S20-1, and can be perceived from the
both sides in a remaining
region Y-1;
|
|
キ．前記間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材１００－１、９２－１は、股下領域Ｓ２０－１とそれに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）及びそれ以外の領域Ｙ－１に跨って設けられており、
|
ki. the ring-shaped flexible members 100-1 and
92-1 having a short interval therebetween are provided over the crotch region
S20-1, the regions X-1 (two locations) on the both sides in connection
therewith, and the remaining region Y-1;
|
|
ク．前記複数の輪状の伸縮性部材のうち、前記間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材１００－１、９２－１は、脚回りに設けられ、伸縮性部材により、布状部材には皺が形成され、
|
ku. the ring-shaped flexible members 100-1 and 92-1,
having a shorter interval, out of the plurality of ring-shaped flexible
members are provided in a leg-hole, and wrinkles are formed, by the flexible
members, in the cloth-like member;
|
|
ケ．前側の間隔が狭い伸縮性部材１００－１は直線状であり、
|
ke. the front-side flexible member 100-1 having a short
interval is linear; and
|
|
コ．後側の間隔が狭い伸縮性部材９２－１は外形に沿って屈曲している物品。」
|
ko. the back-side flexible member 92-1 having a
short interval is curved along the outer shape.
|
|
第４．当審の対比・判断
|
Fourth. Comparison and decision from the
examination
|
|
１．本件特許発明１について
|
1. Subject Patent Invention 1
|
|
イ号物件が本件特許発明１の構成要件ＡないしＪを充足するか否かについて、構成要件Ａをイ号物件の構成アに、構成要件Ｂを構成イに、のごとく順次対応させて、検討する。
|
Whether or not Article A satisfies the
constituent components A to J of Patent Invention 1 will be examined by
sequentially correlating and comparing the constituents component to the
configuration of Article A such as correlating/comparing the constituent
component A to the configuration a of Article A, and correlating/comparing
the constituent component B to the configuration i thereof.
|
|
（１）構成要件Ａについて
|
(1) Constituent component A
|
|
イ号物件の「布状部材、股下部材」が、全体として本件特許発明１の「シャーシ」に相当することは技術常識に照らして明らかである。
|
It is obvious based on common general knowledge
that the “cloth-like member and the crotch member” in Article A correspond to
the “chassis” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
本件特許発明１の「吸収性本体」に相当し、イ号物件は「吸収性物品」といえる。
|
The “different member 2-1” in Article A absorbs liquid,
and thus, it
corresponds to the “absorber” in Patent Invention 1.
Therefore Article A can be
considered to be “the absorbent article”.
|
|
イ号物件の「布状部材、股下部材及び液体を吸収する別な部材２－１」は、全て「白色」であるから、本件特許発明１の「同じ色のシャーシ及び吸収体本体」に相当する。
|
“The cloth-like member,
the crotch member, and the different member 2-1 that absorbs liquid” in
Article A are all “white”, and thus, these correspond to the “absorber having
a same color as the chassis” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成アは、構成要件Ａを充足する。
|
Therefore, the configuration a in Article A
satisfies the constituent component A.
|
|
（２）構成要件Ｂについて
|
(2) Constituent component B
|
|
（１）のとおり、イ号物件の「布状部材、股下部材」は本件特許発明１の「シャーシ」に相当する。
|
As stated in (1), “the cloth-like member and
the crotch member” in Article A corresponds to “the chassis” in Patent
Invention 1.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成イは、構成要件Ｂを充足する。
|
Therefore, the configuration i in Article A satisfies
the constituent component B.
|
|
（３）構成要件Ｃについて
|
(3) Constituent component C
|
|
（１）のとおり、イ号物件の「別な部材２－１」は本件特許発明１の「吸収性本体」に相当する。
|
As stated in (1), “the different member 2-1” in
Article A corresponds to “the absorber body” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
イ号物件の「別な部材２－１」が「股下領域Ｓ２０－１とそれに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）に設けられて」いることは、本件特許発明１の「吸収体本体」が「股下領域から前胴回り領域及び後胴回り領域に渡って設けられて」いることに相当する。
|
The feature in Article A that “the different
members 2-1” are “provided in the crotch region S20-1 and the regions X-1
(two locations) on the both sides in communication therewith” corresponds to
the feature in Patent Invention 1 that “the absorber” is “provided over the
crotch region to the front waistline region and the rear waistline region”.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成ウは、構成要件Ｃを充足する。
|
Therefore, the configuration u in Article A
satisfies the constituent component C.
|
|
（４）構成要件Ｄについて
|
(4) Constituent component D
|
|
イ号物件の「伸縮性部材」は「弾性部材」とも言える。
|
It may be possible to say that the “flexible
member” in Article A is the “elastic member” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
また、イ号物件において「着用状態の高さ方向に複数の輪状の伸縮性部材が設けられて」いることは、胴回りに幅方向に沿って複数の弾性部材が設けられているとも言える。
|
Further, it may be possible to say that the
feature in Article A that “the plurality of ring-shaped flexible members are
provided in the virticle direction when worn” is the feature that the
plurality of elastic members are provided along the widthwise direction
around the waistline.
|
|
よって、イ号物件の「着用状態の高さ方向に複数の輪状の伸縮性部材９０Ｆ－１、１００－１、９２－１、９１－１が設けられて」いることは、本件特許発明１の「吸収性物品の幅方向に沿って複数の胴回り弾性部材が設けられて」いることに相当する。
|
Therefore, the feature in Article A, namely
that “a plurality of ring-shaped flexible members 90F-1, 100-1, 92-1, and
91-1 are provided in the verticle direction when worn” corresponds to the
feature in Patent Invention 1, which is that “a plurality of waistline
elastic members are provided along the widthwise direction of the absorbent
article”.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成エは、構成要件Ｄを充足する。
|
Therefore, the configuration e in Article A
satisfies the constituent component D.
|
|
（５）構成要件Ｅについて
|
(5) Constituent component E
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（４）のとおり、イ号物件の「伸縮性部材」は「弾性部材」とも言える。
|
As in (4), it may be possible to say that the “flexible
member” in Article A is the “elastic member”.
|
|
イ号物件は「股下領域Ｓ２０－１」に「輪状の伸縮性部材は存在」しないのであるから、イ号物件の「股下領域Ｓ２０－１には、輪状の伸縮性部材は存在せず」は、本件特許発明１の「股下領域内において、前記前胴回り領域において設けられている胴回り弾性部材と前記後胴回り領域において設けられている胴回り弾性部材とが接触しないように配置されて」いることに相当する。
|
In Article A, “the ring-shaped flexible member
does not exist” in “the crotch region S20-1”, and thus, the feature in
Article A, which is that “in the crotch region S20-1, the ring-shaped
flexible member does not exist” corresponds to the feature in Patent
Invention 1, which is that “in the crotch region, the waistline elastic
member provided in the front waistline region and the waistline elastic
member provided in the rear waistline region are arranged so as not to come
in contact with each other”.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成オは、構成要件Ｅを充足する。
|
Therefore, the configuration o in Article A
satisfies the constituent component E.
|
|
（６）構成要件Ｆについて
|
(6) Constituent component F
|
|
（４）のとおり、イ号物件の「伸縮性部材」は「弾性部材」とも言える。
|
As in (4), it may be possible to say that the
“flexible member” in Article A is the “elastic member”.
|
|
イ号物件の「間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材１００－１、９２－１」は、甲３の１、３の２の展開状態では、線状であり、その間隔が狭いことにより、目視により、他の「輪状の伸縮性部材９０Ｆ－１、９１－１」と識別可能である。
|
The feature in Article A, namely that the
“ring-shaped flexible members 100-1 and 92-1 having a short interval
therebetween” have become linear in shaped according to Demandants 3-1 and
3-2 which have a shorter interval therebetween. Thus, it is possible to
visually distinguish from the other “ring-shaped flexible members 90F-1 and
91-1”.
|
|
本件特許発明１の「線状の識別部」とは「視認可能」なものであり、実施の形態として、「弾性部材の間隔を狭く」するもの（段落００６９、００９０）を含む。
|
The “linear discrimination unit” in Patent
Invention 1 is a “visually recognizable” object, and as an embodiment, it
includes an “object having a short interval between the elastic members”
(paragraph 0069 and 0090).
|
|
よって、イ号物件の「間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材」は、本件特許発明１の「線状の識別部」に相当する。
|
Therefore, the “ring-shaped flexible members
having a short interval therebetween” in Article A corresponds to the
“identifier of linear shape” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
イ号物件の「股下領域Ｓ２０－１とそれに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）」は、「別な部材２－１」すなわち「吸収体本体」が設けられる領域であり、そのうち「それに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）」は、本件特許発明１の「前胴回り領域又は後胴回り領域において、吸収体本体が設けられている第１領域」に相当する。
|
“The crotch region S20-1 and the regions X-1
(two locations) on the both sides in connection therewith” in Article A are
regions in which the “different member 2-1”, that is, the “absorber” is
provided, and of these, “regions X-1 (two locations) on the both sides in
connection therewith” corresponds to “in the front waistline region or the
rear waistline region, the first region which is provided with the absorber”
in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
また、第３の４．オ．のとおり、イ号物件の「股下領域」に「輪状の伸縮性部材は存在せず」であるから、イ号物件の「それ以外の領域Ｙ－１」は、本件特許発明１の「吸収体本体が設けられていない第２領域」に相当する。
|
Further, as in Third. 4. o, in the “crotch
region” in Article A, “the ring-shaped flexible members do not exist”, and
thus, the “remaining region Y-1” in Article A corresponds to the “second
region which is not provided with the absorber” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成カは、構成要件Ｆを充足する。
|
Then, the configuration ka in Article A
satisfies the constituent component F.
|
|
（７）構成要件Ｇについて
|
(7) Constituent component G
|
|
（６）のとおり、イ号物件の「間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材１００－１，９２－１」は、本件特許発明１の「線状の識別部」に相当する。
|
As in (6), the “ring-shaped flexible members 100-1 and
92-1 having a short interval therebetween” in Article A corresponds to the
“identifier of linear shape” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
イ号物件の「それに連なる両側の領域Ｘ－１（２箇所）」は、本件特許発明１の「第１領域」に相当し、「それ以外の領域Ｙ－１」は、「第２領域」に相当する。
|
“Regions X-1 (two locations) on both sides in
connection therewith” in Article A corresponds to the “first region” in
Patent Invention 1 and the “remaining region Y-1” corresponds to the “second
region”.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成キは、構成要件Ｇを充足する。
|
Therefore, the configuration ki in Article A
satisfies the constituent component G.
|
|
（８）構成要件Ｈについて
|
(8) Constituent component H
|
|
（４）のとおり、イ号物件の「複数の輪状の伸縮性部材」は、本件特許発明１の「複数の胴回り弾性部材」に相当し、（６）のとおり、イ号物件の「間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材１００－１，９２－１」は、本件特許発明１の「識別部」に相当する。
|
As in (4), the “plurality of ring-shaped
flexible members” in Article A corresponds to the “plurality of waistline
elastic members” in Patent Invention 1, and as in (6), the “ring-shaped
flexible members 100-1 and 92-1 having a short interval therebetween” in
Article A corresponds to the “identifier” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
そして、「間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材１００－１，９２－１」の伸縮作用により、略円筒状の布状部材には、皺が形成される。
|
Then, the flexible nature created by of the
“ring-shaped flexible members 100-1 and 92-1 having a short interval
therebetween” forms wrinkles in the cloth-like member in an approximate
cylinder shape.
|
|
イ号物件の「間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材１００－１，９２－１」は「脚回りに設けられ」ており、前側に設けられた「間隔が狭い伸縮性部材１００－１」と後側に設けられた「間隔が狭い伸縮性部材９２－１」の両者により「輪状」を構成している。
|
The “ring-shaped flexible members 100-1 and
92-1 having a short interval therebetween” in Article A are “provided in the
leg-holes”, and “the flexible members 100-1 having a short interval
therebetween” are provided at the front side and the “flexible member 92-1s
having a short interval therebetween” is provided at the back side, with both
creating the “ring-shape”.
|
|
両者は「脚回りに設けられ、伸縮性部材により、布状部材には皺が形成され」る。
|
Both members are “provided in the leg-hole, and
due to the flexible nature of the members, wrinkles are formed in the
cloth-like member”.
|
|
かかる「皺」は「ギャザー」ともいう（甲５の３）。
|
Such
“wrinkles” can also be called “gathers”
(Demandant No. 5-3)
|
|
すなわち、イ号物件の「間隔が狭い輪状の伸縮性部材１００－１，９２－１」は、本件特許発明１の「識別部を構成する胴回り弾性部材」に相当し、前側に設けられた「間隔が狭い伸縮性部材１００－１」は、「前脚回りギャザー用弾性部材」に相当し、後側に設けられた「間隔が狭い伸縮性部材９２－１」は、「後脚回りギャザー用弾性部材」に相当する。
|
That is, the “ring-shaped flexible members
100-1 and 92-1 having a short interval therebetween” in Article A corresponds
to “the waistline elastic members which make up the identifier” in Patent Invention
1, “Flexible members 100-1 having a short interval therebetween” at the front
side corresponds to the “elastic members for front leg-hole gathers”, and
“flexible members 92-1 having a short interval therebetween” provided at the
back side corresponds to the “elastic members for rear leg-hole gathers”.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成クは、構成要件Ｈを充足する。
|
Therefore, the configuration ku in Article A
satisfies the constituent component H.
|
|
（９）構成要件Ｉについて
|
(9) Constituent component I
|
|
（８）のとおり、イ号物件の前側の「間隔が狭い伸縮性部材１００－１」は、本件特許発明１の「前脚回りギャザー用弾性部材」に相当する。
|
As in (8), the “flexible members 100-1 having a
short interval therebetween” at the front side in Article A corresponds to
the “elastic members for front leg-hole gathers” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成ケは、構成要件Ｉを充足する。
|
Therefore, the configuration ke in Article A
satisfies the constituent component I.
|
|
（１０）構成要件Ｊについて
|
(10) Constituent component J
|
|
（８）のとおり、イ号物件の前側の「間隔が狭い伸縮性部材９２－１」は、本件特許発明１の「後脚回りギャザー用弾性部材」に相当する。
|
As in (8), the “flexible members 92-1 having a short
interval therebetween”
at the front side in Article A corresponds to the
“elastic members for rear leg-hole gathers” in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
イ号物件の「外形に沿って屈曲している」ことは、本件特許発明１の「脚回り開口を形成する領域に沿って」に相当する。
|
“Curved along the outer shape” in Article A
corresponds to “along a region which forms a leg-hole opening” in the subject
patent invention 1.
|
|
そうすると、イ号物件の構成コは、構成要件Ｊを充足する。
|
Therefore, the configuration ko in Article A
satisfies the constituent component J.
|
|
（８）まとめ
|
(11) Summary
|
|
よって、イ号物件の構成アないしコは、いずれも本件特許発明の構成要件ＡないしＪを充足する。
|
Therefore, all the configurations a to ko in
Article A satisfy the constituent components A to J in Patent Invention 1.
|
|
第６．むすび
|
Sixth. Conclusion
|
|
以上のとおり、イ号物件は、本件特許発明１の構成要件ＡないしＪの全てを充足するから、イ号物件は、本件特許発明の技術的範囲に属する。
|
As described above, Article A satisfies all the
constituent components A to J in Patent Invention 1, and thus, Article A
belongs within the technical scope of Patent Invention 1.
|
|
よって、結論のとおり判定する。
|
Therefore, the advisory opinion has been made
and concluded.
|
|
平成２６年１１月２１日
|
November 21, 2014
|
|
審判長特許庁審判官栗林 敏彦
|
Trial Examiner-in-Chief JPO Trial Examiner
Toshihiko Kuribayashi
|
|
特許庁審判官千葉 成就
|
JPO Trial Examiner Shigenari Chiba
|
|
特許庁審判官渡邊 真
|
JPO Trial Examiner Makoto Watanabe
|
|
〔判定分類〕Ｐ１２ ．１ －ＹＡ （Ａ４１Ｂ）
|
[Classification of Advisory Opinion] P12.1 -YA
(A41B)
|
|
審判長特許庁審判官栗林敏彦7828
|
|
|
特許庁審判官渡邊真8921
|
|
|
特許庁審判官千葉成就8207__
|
|
|
|
It is hereby certified that the foregoing is a
true copy of the matters recorded on file.
|
|
|
Certification date: November 21, 2014 Trial
Clerk Takeshi Kurita
|
